Inputs: Carbon Dioxide, Water

Outputs: Oxygen, Glucose

Photosynthesis takes place mainly in the leaves. The cells in the leaf that actually do photosynthesis are called the palisade mesophyll. Within the cells photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts.

Carbon in the air. Plant brings in CO2 gas, uses the suns energy to link the carbons together forming glucose. This is the basis for all food in a food chain. 

It is used or stored as carbohydrates (sugars, starches, etc)

sunlight is not a "thing" its not matter it cannot be an input into a chemical mixture. Sunlight is the energy that pushes the chemical reaction to take place. It would be represented on the arrow in the equation.

inputs: oxygen, glucose

outputs, water, carbon dioxide, atp

Glycolysis- no o2

Krebs cycle- requires o2

Electron transport chain- require o2

It is usefull during the electron transport chain when they are eached cashed in for 3 ATP

Glucose from food oxygen from air. Breathing and eating.

Adenosine Triphosphate. It contains 3 phosphate groups (the part that looks like a tail). These phosphates are highly unstable next to each other. This means that there is lots of energy to be released when the bond on the last phosphate is broken to release it. ATP is known as the energy currency (money) for all living things. ADP stands for adenosine diphosphate. This is what we call it when there are only two phosphate groups. This is the ‘uncharged’ version of the molecule.

Carbon: Found in nearly every molecule that makes up living things. Makes up a large portion of the mass of all living things. Required for photosynthesis, which begins the food chain. Without this there would be no food chain because there would be no plants.

Nitrogen: An important component of proteins. An important component of DNA. Neither protein nor DNA would exist without nitrogen. 

Nitrogen fixing bateria. Change atmospheric nitrogen to ammonium

Nitrifying bacteria. Turns atmospheric ammonium into nitrates and nitrites

Denitrifying bacteria: turn nitrates and nitrites back into atmospheric nitrogen

Source: gives off more carbon or nitrogen than it takes in- adds greenhouse gasses to the atmosphere

Sink: a reservoir that takes in more carbon or nitrogen than it gives off- traps materials sometimes for long periods of time taking them out of their natural cycle

Burning of fossil fuels adds carbon to the atmosphere ex cars, warming our homes, used in manufactoruing

Increased human population- we exhale carbon

Deforestation- less plants to take in carbon

The nitrogen in the atmosphere must be converted by nitrogen fixing bacteria or decomposers. If those things are not present in the soil, then they cannot take nitrogen out of the air.

Secondary Consumer

Mutualism. Both specied benefit. The crocodile gets his teeth cleaned and the bird gets a meal. 

Primary consumer

Eagles: quaternary consumer

Snakes: Tertiary consumer

Rats: Secondary consumer

Grasshoppers: Primary consumer

Producers: Berries

Rock, Water, Mountain, Air

The top graph (of the rainforest) climate would have the most biodiversity. 

Biodiversity is the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

The temperature is less extreme than the bottom graph- the bottom graph shows the Tundra which gets well below freezing. It is too extreme for most organisms to live.

The rainfall and temperature are also more consistent in the top graph. When climate fluctuates too much, organisms have to have many special adaptations to survive in the varying conditions. 

Approximately 40 (thousand). Remember that the population osscilates up and down around the carrying capactiy.

b. food

A species of organism that is not native to a given area. They can be introduced accidentally, or on purpose. They outcompete the native species for their resources.