| the layers of earth | plate boundaries | rock dating i | would you like a combo? | rock dating ii |
| 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 |
| 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 |
| 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
| Final Question | ||||
what is the name for the outer most layer of earth?
what is the name for the outer most layer of earth?
the crust
list the four layers of earth from outer most to inner most.
list the four layers of earth from outer most to inner most.
crust, mantle, outer core and inner core.
describe how convection currents work in the mantle.
describe how convection currents work in the mantle.
magma close to the earth's core is heated and becomes less dense, making it rise. cooler magma close to the earth's crust sinks down towards the core. in short, hot magma rises and cool magma sinks.
how does heat and pressure change moving down towards the earth's core?
how does heat and pressure change moving down towards the earth's core?
both heat and pressure increase.
how are convection currents in the mantle related to plate tectonics and pangaea?
how are convection currents in the mantle related to plate tectonics and pangaea?
convection currents moving in the mantle are believed to be responsible for the moving of the continential plates. teh plates were believed to be joined together once in a landmass called pangaea and slowly, after millions of years, due to convection currents split apart to their current location.
this type of boundary forms when 2 plates collide into each other.
this type of boundary forms when 2 plates collide into each other.
convergent boundary
this type of boundary occurs where 2 plates move away from each other.
this type of boundary occurs where 2 plates move away from each other.
divergent boundary
this type of boundary occurs where 2 plates slide against each other.
this type of boundary occurs where 2 plates slide against each other.
transform boundary
sea-floor spreading in the ocean and hte formation of igneous rock is associated with this type of boundary.
sea-floor spreading in the ocean and hte formation of igneous rock is associated with this type of boundary.
divergent boundary
these movements in teh mantle are believed to be responsible for the movement of the tectonic plates on earth.
these movements in teh mantle are believed to be responsible for the movement of the tectonic plates on earth.
convenction currents
this law states that in a series of undistrubed layers of rock, the oldest rocks will be on teh bottom and the youngest rocks will be on the top.
this law states that in a series of undistrubed layers of rock, the oldest rocks will be on teh bottom and the youngest rocks will be on the top.
law of superposition
using index fossils to determine the age of something, classifying it as older than or younger than other fossils/artifacts.
using index fossils to determine the age of something, classifying it as older than or younger than other fossils/artifacts.
relative dating
this type of dating provides an exact age (number) of a fossil/artifact/rock. typically geologist use c-14 with a half-life of 5,700 years or uranium 238 with a half-life of 4.4 billion years.
this type of dating provides an exact age (number) of a fossil/artifact/rock. typically geologist use c-14 with a half-life of 5,700 years or uranium 238 with a half-life of 4.4 billion years.
absolute dating
these types of fossils are used by geologist to help determine the relative age of a rock layer or other fossils in that layer. they are useful because they lived a short period of time and are found world-wide.
these types of fossils are used by geologist to help determine the relative age of a rock layer or other fossils in that layer. they are useful because they lived a short period of time and are found world-wide.
index fossils
as a scientists, you have discovered an unidentified fossil 2,000 feet below the surface. which type of dating is best to determine the exact age of a fossil?
as a scientists, you have discovered an unidentified fossil 2,000 feet below the surface. which type of dating is best to determine the exact age of a fossil?
radioactive dating/absolute dating
when there are no more individuals of a given species living on earth, scientists say these organisms are ___________________________.
when there are no more individuals of a given species living on earth, scientists say these organisms are ___________________________.
extinct
a break or a crack in earth's surface along which movement occurs.
a break or a crack in earth's surface along which movement occurs.
fault
the principle that the same processes that existed on earth millions of years ago exist today and continue to impact the earth.
the principle that the same processes that existed on earth millions of years ago exist today and continue to impact the earth.
uniformitarianism
an event that occurs at the end of every era which allows for other orgainsms to take over and successfullly grow popultion size.
an event that occurs at the end of every era which allows for other orgainsms to take over and successfullly grow popultion size.
mass extinction
list the 3 pieces of evidence for pangaea.
list the 3 pieces of evidence for pangaea.
1. puzzle pieces :continents' edges fit together like puzzle pieces
2. fossils: similiar fossils fond on edges of continents
3. climate: warm climate plant fossils found in the artic
what are the oldest rock layers in site 1 and in site 2 in the image below?
what are the oldest rock layers in site 1 and in site 2 in the image below?
layer a and layer w
what is layer d called?
what is layer d called?
intrusion/unconformity
true/false
in a layer of sedimentary rocks, the larger rocks will eventually settle towards the bottom because they are heavier, leaving the smaller rocks at the top.
true/false
in a layer of sedimentary rocks, the larger rocks will eventually settle towards the bottom because they are heavier, leaving the smaller rocks at the top.
true!
which layer is the youngest? which layer is the oldest? what law applies here?
which layer is the youngest? which layer is the oldest? what law applies here?
youngest: layer f
oldest: layer a
law of superposition
list all layers, a-d, in order of their age, beginning with the oldest.
list all layers, a-d, in order of their age, beginning with the oldest.
c, b, a, d and e
d is an igneous intrusion and always younger than the rock below it and the rock it passes through.
e is a fault and always younder than the rock it cuts through.
what do scientists look at to determine the absolute age of a rock/fossil/artifact?
what do scientists look at to determine the absolute age of a rock/fossil/artifact?
the compare the radioactive parent isotope to the stable daughter isotope in a sample.
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