| Atoms and Molecules | Pure Substances (Elements and Compounds) and Mixtures | States of Matter and Particle Movement | Properties and Changes | Law of Conservation of Matter |
| 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 |
| 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 |
| 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
| Final Question | ||||
Name the parts of an atom, their charges, and their location.
Name the parts of an atom, their charges, and their location.
Protons - Positive (nucleus) Neutrons - Neutral (nucleus) Electrons - Negative (electron shell/orbital)
What two particles make up atomic mass? What charge does each carry?
What two particles make up atomic mass? What charge does each carry?
Protons and Neutrons - Positive and Neutral
What is the difference between an atom and a molecule? Which of the following is a molecule of a compound: H2 , NaCl, Cu, or C?
What is the difference between an atom and a molecule? Which of the following is a molecule of a compound: H2 , NaCl, Cu, or C?
Molecules are made up of multiple atoms; NaCl
Draw an atom on the board with more atomic mass than an atom of Helium.
Draw an atom on the board with more atomic mass than an atom of Helium.
Answers vary
One atom has 5 protons and 5 neutrons. Another atom has 5 protons and 7 neutrons. What element do both of these atoms represent, and why do they have different numbers of neutrons?
One atom has 5 protons and 5 neutrons. Another atom has 5 protons and 7 neutrons. What element do both of these atoms represent, and why do they have different numbers of neutrons?
Boron; They are isotopes
What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?
What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?
Compounds are held together by forces called chemical bond and cannot be separated by physical means. Mixtures can be separated by physical means.
You dissolve 8 grams of sugar into 90 mL of water. If you evaporate 30 mL of the water, will the solution be an element, a compound, or a mixture? Explain.
You dissolve 8 grams of sugar into 90 mL of water. If you evaporate 30 mL of the water, will the solution be an element, a compound, or a mixture? Explain.
The solution will be a mixture. You only took away a portion of the water, but the two compounds are still not chemically combined. You could still separate the water and sugar by physical means.
What is the most reactive group and the least reactive group on the periodic table, and why?
What is the most reactive group and the least reactive group on the periodic table, and why?
most- Group 1- only one electron in outer shell; wants to give away. Least-Noble Gases; full electron shell, so stable and happy
Go to the board and draw a molecular picture of an element, a compound, and a mixture. Explain the differences.
Go to the board and draw a molecular picture of an element, a compound, and a mixture. Explain the differences.
Picture varies. Description: Elements have only one type of atom; Compounds are two or more different types of atoms that are chemically bonded; Mixtures are different types of atoms or molecules that are not chemically bonded. They can be physically separated.
Salt (NaCl) is a compound. Water (H2O) is a compound. When the two are mixed together, the salt will dissolve in the water. Will they form a compound or a mixture? How do you know and what might you do to try to separate these?
Salt (NaCl) is a compound. Water (H2O) is a compound. When the two are mixed together, the salt will dissolve in the water. Will they form a compound or a mixture? How do you know and what might you do to try to separate these?
They will form a mixture. Dissolving is a physical change. We could boil the water completely off and still have salt. The substances are not changed, only physically combined.
What is another name for evaporation? Is it a physical or chemical change?
What is another name for evaporation? Is it a physical or chemical change?
Vaporization; Physical because it is just a change in state. No new substance is formed.
When you add more and more heat to gas particles, what happens?
When you add more and more heat to gas particles, what happens?
Ionization: The charged particles in the atom break apart and move freely from one another; they change from gas to plasma
Do particles become more ordered with added heat or removal of heat? Explain and give an example.
Do particles become more ordered with added heat or removal of heat? Explain and give an example.
Particles are more ordered when you remove heat because they have less energy to move about freely. Examples will vary.
How does Kinetic Theory relate to temperature?
How does Kinetic Theory relate to temperature?
Kinetic Theory tells us about the movement or behavior of particles. Temperature relates, because the more heat you add, the faster particles move. The more heat you remove, the slower particles move.
Describe the movement of particles in liquid water, in ice, and in steam.
Describe the movement of particles in liquid water, in ice, and in steam.
In liquid water, particles are close together but able to move past each other. In ice, the particles are very close together and only vibrate in place. In steam, the particles are far apart and moving fast and freely.
Aluminum foil represents a metal. Name at least 3 of its physical properties?
Aluminum foil represents a metal. Name at least 3 of its physical properties?
Shiny (luster), malleable, conducts electricity, ductile, etc
What is the difference between a chemical change and a physical change?
What is the difference between a chemical change and a physical change?
Chemical changes result in the formation of a new substance. Different molecules of compounds will be produced; physical changes can be manipulated to get your original substances back. The same atoms/molecules are present before and after physical changes.
Using your periodic table, locate and classify Nitrogen, Bromine, Flourine, and Carbon based on a similar physical property.
Using your periodic table, locate and classify Nitrogen, Bromine, Flourine, and Carbon based on a similar physical property.
All are nonmetals, occurring in the state of gases.
Pretend you are performing an experiment, mixing two chemicals without adding heat. Suddenly, the container holding the two chemicals gets very hot. Was this a chemical or physical change? Explain your answer.
Pretend you are performing an experiment, mixing two chemicals without adding heat. Suddenly, the container holding the two chemicals gets very hot. Was this a chemical or physical change? Explain your answer.
This would be a chemical change, because the reaction released the heat. We did not add the heat, it was produces by the reactants.
Name 5 things you might notice when you see a chemical change occurring.
Name 5 things you might notice when you see a chemical change occurring.
Bubbling, Color Change, Smoke, New Substance, Precipitate (solid forming in liquid) (answers may vary)
What is the difference between an open system and a closed system?
What is the difference between an open system and a closed system?
An open system is not contained. The gas particles can escape. A closed system will not allow any gas to escape.
In the closed system experiment, you took a starting mass with all of your reactants before chemically combining them. If no gas escaped and there was no error, how should your total starting mass have compared to your total ending mass?
In the closed system experiment, you took a starting mass with all of your reactants before chemically combining them. If no gas escaped and there was no error, how should your total starting mass have compared to your total ending mass?
It should have been exactly the same.
How does a balanced chemical equation represent the Law of Conservation of Matter?
How does a balanced chemical equation represent the Law of Conservation of Matter?
In a balanced chemical equation, there is the same number of atoms of each element in the reactants as there are in the products. This shows the Law of Conservation of Matter, because no mass was gained or lost. We ended up with the same amount of matter that we started with.
If you add 30g of Element A to 42g of element B, how many grams of matter will be in your final product? Explain how you found your answer.
If you add 30g of Element A to 42g of element B, how many grams of matter will be in your final product? Explain how you found your answer.
30g + 42g = 72g of product. No matter should be lost or gained in the reaction, so we can add the mass of the two reactants to find the mass of our final product.
Two groups started an experiment with 20g of antacid tablets, 23g of a ziplock bag, and 50g of water. Group 1 ended up with a final mass of 90g. Group 2 ended up with a final mass of 92.9g. Which group had more accurate results? Explain your reasoning.
Two groups started an experiment with 20g of antacid tablets, 23g of a ziplock bag, and 50g of water. Group 1 ended up with a final mass of 90g. Group 2 ended up with a final mass of 92.9g. Which group had more accurate results? Explain your reasoning.
The Law of Conservation of Matter tells us we should start and end with the same amount of matter. If both groups started with the same mass of supplies and ingredients (20g+23g+50g=93g), the group with the ending mass closer to 93g would be more accurate, because no matter should be lost or gained. In conclusion, Group 2 had more accurate results.
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