| Examples of Evolution |
| #1 |
In relation to Darwin's finches, how did one species on the mainland end up as 14 different species on the islands? |
Each island had different food sources, birds with the correct beak adaptations survived and reproduced, creating 14 separate species |
| #2 |
Most humans used to be lactose intolerant. Describe how and why lactose tolerance evolved over time. |
People with the lactose tolerant mutation survived during times of famine because they could drink milk, and passed the trait to their offspring. |
| #3 |
The wing of a chicken, leg of a cat, and arm of a human all have the same bone structures. These are known as what? |
Homologous structures |
| #4 |
Some structures are no longer needed in today's creatures, such as leg bones in a whale and the appendix in humans. These are known as what? |
Vestigial structures |
| #5 |
How does analyzing the embryos of modern day organisms provide evidence for evolution? |
At the earliest stages of development, most species have a tail and gills, showing we came from a common ancestor |
| Natural Selection |
| #1 |
This process relates to animals of one sex choosing specific traits in the animals of the other sex. |
Sexual Selection |
| #2 |
What has the greatest impact on the evolution of a new trait in a population? |
Mutation --> The environment |
| #3 |
This process relates to humans choosing to breed animals/plants with specific traits. I.e. 'selective breeding' |
Artificial Selection |
| #4 |
Draw/describe an example representing the process of natural selection. |
Answers will vary |
| #5 |
Describe the process of how natural selection in bacteria can lead to 'superbugs.' |
Bacteria that survive a course of antibiotics due to a resistance mutation then reproduce to create a whole population of resistant bacteria, known as a super bug |
| Mixed Bag (Random) |
| #1 |
Where did Darwin go to study the process of evolution? |
Galapagoes Islands |
| #2 |
Name the seven taxonomic ranks (levels of classification), in order from least specific to most specific. |
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species |
| #3 |
Describe the concept and evolutionary benefit behind 'sneaker males.' |
Males who are less appealing sneak and mate with the female while the big male isn't looking. Females appreciate their cleverness and choose to pass on that trait to their offspring. |
| #4 |
The red-eyed tree frog and the tiger salamander both belong to the same class, Amphibia. This means they must also belong to which other taxons? |
Kingdom, Phylum |
| #5 |
Human beings evolved very slowly for a long time, but in our 'recent' evolutionary history (last 3 million years) there was rapid growth of our brain. Describe why this is the case. |
The constantly changing environments required organisms to be more intelligent to survive. Those with the increasingly bigger brains survived and past on the trait. |
