When sedimentary rock is exposed to heat and pressure, what does it change into?

What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?

What kind of texture does igneous rock have when magma cools slowly?

What kind of rock is formed from lava that cools on the Earth’s surface?

The process by which sediment is dropped and comes to rest.

Which of the following words describes change according to the principle of uniformitarianism?

a) sudden

b) rare

c) global

d) gradual

Molten rock that squeezes into existing rock and cools is called a(n)

a) fold

b) fault

c) intrusion

d) unconformity

Fossils are most often preserved in

a) ice

b) amber

c) asphalt

d) rock

Scientists assign relative ages by using

a) absolute dating

b) the principle of superposition

c) radioactive half-lives

d) carbon 14 dating

This is because most organisms, such as those that have soft body parts, did not become fossils, and many fossils have yet to become discovered.

Continental drift is the idea that ______________.

a. the continents are the only solid surface on the earth

b. objects that fall into the ocean drift between the continents

c. ocean waves push the continents over the surface of the earth

d. the continents were once joined together to form a large land mass

Which of the following is most likely to occur at a transform plate?

a. earthquakes      c. mountain formation

b. volcanoes      d. All of the above.

Plate tectonics refers to the theory that __________.

a. the continents float on the oceans like plates

b. each of the continents on the earth is also called a plate

c. the surface of the earth is made of large plates that cannot move

d. the surface of the earth is made up of large plates that have moved over time

Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

a. The earth's crust moves around but is never destroyed.

b. New crust is always forming on the top of large mountains.

c. Old crust falls into the oceans and is destroyed over time.

d. Old crust is destroyed and new crust is formed over time.

Plate tectonics is the theory that sections of the earth's crust ____________.

a. were hot and wrinkled as they cooled to form continents, mountains, and     oceans

b. have moved toward and away from each other to form continents, mountains, and oceans

c. have collapsed, forming oceans between the continents

d. are floating in the oceans and are called continents

Large blobs of magma that harden in the air are called

Molten rock deep underground often gathers in a

When you talk about the viscosity of lava, you are talking about

Which type of pyroclastic material gets its name from a word that means “little stones”?

Which seismic waves do the greatest damage?

The boundary where land and ocean meet is known as the

a. shoreline.                    b.  abyssal zone.

c.  submarine canyon.      d.  benthos.

The ocean zone that has to withstand the most change due to tides is known as the

      a.  neritic zone.            b.  oceanic zone.

      c.  abyssal zone.            d.  intertidal zone.

Organisms that live on the ocean floor are called

      a.  marine mammals            b.  plankton

      c.  nekton                           d.  benthos

Forms of ocean life that swim are called

      a.  Nemo’s friends.            b.  nekton.

      c.  little swimmers.            d.  plankton.

One of the most abundant elements in the ocean is

a) potassium

b) calcium

c) chlorine

d) magnesium

Magma that has a high content of this type of mineral tends to cause explosive eruptions.