| Cell Structure and Function |
| #1 |
What is homeostasis? |
A stable resting state in an organism |
| #2 |
What important biological process is disrupted in cancerous cells? |
Mitosis and/or cell cycle |
| #3 |
Give three differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. |
Many possible answers |
| #4 |
Why are viruses not considered living? |
They do not have organelles and require a host cell for reproduction |
| #5 |
Give the stages of the cell cycle and the function of each stage |
G1: growth; S: DNA synthesis; G2: growth; Mitosis: split nucleus; Cytokinesis: split cytoplasm |
| Mechanisms of Genetics |
| #1 |
Give the two steps of protein synthesis or 'central dogma' of biology |
DNA--transcription-->mRNA--translation-->protein |
| #2 |
Why is meiosis necessary for sexual reproduction? |
To reduce chromosome number for fertilization |
| #3 |
In the genetic cross TTxTt, what percentage of the offspring would be tall? What percentage would be heterozygous? |
100%; 50% |
| #4 |
Give the monomers and polymers for each of the 4 biological macromolecules |
Protein: amino acid/polypeptide; Lipid: Fatty acid or tryglyceride/fat; Carbs: monosaccharide/polysaccharide; Nucleic Acids: nucleotide/nucleic acid |
| #5 |
Give three ways DNA is different from RNA |
Different sugar, T in DNA, U in RNA, and DNA is double stranded |
| Biological Evolution and Classification |
| #1 |
What is the most important evidence we have that evolution happens? |
Fossils |
| #2 |
Which two kingdoms are prokaryotic? |
Archaebacteria and Eubacteria |
| #3 |
What is taxonomy and why is it important? |
Categorizing organism; in order to have a universal system of nomenclature |
| #4 |
Give 3 methods of determining possible common ancestry between two organisms. |
Homologous structures, similar DNA sequences, similar embryology, biogeography, fossils |
| #5 |
Give Darwin's 4 points of natural selection. |
Overproduction, Variation, Competition, Survival of the fittest |
| Biological Processes and Systems |
| #1 |
Give the equation for cell respiration. |
glucose (C6H12O6) + oxygen (O2) --> carbon dioxide (CO2) + water (H2O) + ATP |
| #2 |
Give the equation for photosynthesis. |
carbon dioxide (CO2) + water (H2O) --> glucose (C6H12O6) + oxygen (O2) |
| #3 |
How do enzymes help chemical reactions in organisms? |
They lower the energy of activation, speeding up reactions |
| #4 |
Give the three tissues found in plants and their functions. |
Ground: support and photosynthesis; Vascular: transport; Dermal: protection |
| #5 |
Give an example of negative feedback. |
Many answers; the stimulus is reversed |
| Interdependence Within Environmental Systems |
| #1 |
What is the relationship between the following: population, organism, community |
Organisms of the same species in the same place for populations; groups of populations are communitites |
| #2 |
Give one adaptation a plant might use to survive in the desert. |
Thick cuticle, reduced leaves, extensive roots, water storage systems |
| #3 |
What percentage of the energy supplied by the sun goes to the 4th tropic level? |
0.1% |
| #4 |
What are three cycles that aid in the recycling of matter in ecosystems? |
Water cycle, Carbon cycle, Nitrogen cycle |
| #5 |
Briefly explain these symbiotic relationships: parasitism, mutualism, commensalism. |
Parasitism: +/- Mutualism: +/+ Commensalism: +/0 |
