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Science Chapter 2 Answer Key

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Vocab
#1 the force of attraction between any two objects Gravity
#2 A push or pull that acts on an object Force
#3 isThe tendency of an object to resist any change in motion is known as Inertia
#4 The force that results when two materials rub against each other Friction
#5 The rate at which the speed or the direction of motion of an object changes over time is its Acceleration
Forces
#1 What is a balanced force? Two forces of equal strength push or pull on an object in opposite directions
#2 All forces have 2 things. What are these? strength (magnitude) and direction
#3 How do electric and magnetic forces act on different objects? They either push or pull objects
#4 If a rock has a larger mass, the force on the mass must be _____ to give it a large acceleration large
#5 What makes your body rise out of your seat at the top of a hill in a rollercoaster? Inertia
Newton's Laws
#1 What is Newton's First Law? An object in motion stays in motion unless a force acts on it. An object at rest stays at rest unless a force acts on it.
#2 What is Newton's Second Law? The force acting on an object can cause the object to speed up, slow down, or change direction.
#3 What is Newton's Third Law? When one object exerts force on a second object, the second object exerts force on the first. These forces are equal in strength and opposite in direction.
#4 The greater the net force acting on an object, the ________ the acceleration of the object. greater
#5 What happens when an object accelerates? Its speed or direction changes
Shadows
#1 Light is a form of _______. energy
#2 Light energy travels in __________. waves
#3 A ______ is an area of partial darkenss where light has been blocked by an object. shadow
#4 When the sun is low in the sky early in the morning, we form long or short shadows? long
#5 When light passes through a clear windown, does the window have a shadow? No, the light waves pass through it
Wild Card
#1 Why does a car keep rolling even if it runs out of gas? It has inertia
#2 What kind of surface would slow a marble down as it rolled across the floor. A surface with friction (ex. grass, carpet, sand)
#3 If you were building a car to enter a downhill race, what can you do to make your car go as fast as possible? Make the car heavier to move faster down hill and give it smooth shape to reduce air resistance.
#4 What is a non-contact force that acts on a baseball after a pitcher has thrown the ball? Gravity gradually pulls the baseball down.
#5 What is one contact force that acts on a baseball after a pitcher has thrown the ball? Air resistance slows the baseball as it moves through the air
Final Question