The Central Dogma |
#1 |
Why is DNA considered the code of life? |
The bases of DNA are read as a 'code' that transcribe into RNA and are translated into proteins that make us look and act how we do. |
#2 |
Translate this DNA transcript into a protein: AATCGGTAG |
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#3 |
Name of the place of transcription and translation inside a cell. |
Transcription = nucleus, translation = cytoplasm |
#4 |
Using exactly 3 arrows and 6 words, visually describe The Central Dogma |
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#5 |
Which two organelles of the cell are responsible for the processes of the central dogma? What is their role? |
Nucleus holds DNA, ribosome makes proteins |
Mutations |
#1 |
What is a mutation? |
Mistake in the DNA (change in DNA sequence) |
#2 |
What is it called when a single base is swapped for a different base? |
Point mutation |
#3 |
What is the name of the mutation that does not cause any affect on the protein. |
Silent mutation |
#4 |
Why are frameshift mutations more deleterious than point mutations? |
Because the whole frame is shifted, causing a large change in the resulting protein |
#5 |
If there was a mutation from AUG to AUC, how would that impact the protein? |
The protein could not be created because AUG is the start codon. |
Blood Type/Sex-Linked |
#1 |
Write the genotypes of an affected woman and an affected man. |
X^hX^h and X^hY |
#2 |
Which blood type can receive any blood type and still be ok? Explain why. |
Type AB because the body recognizes both the A and B antigens as 'self' |
#3 |
List the phenotypes and genotypes of the four blood types. |
Type A = AA, AO, Type B = BB, BO, Type AB = AB, Type O = OO |
#4 |
A woman heterozygous for type A has a baby with a man homozygous for type B. What are the possible PHENOTYPES of their children? |
Type AB and Type B |
#5 |
A couple has one daughter with hemophilia, one daughter who carries hemophilia. What are the genotypes of the parents? |
X^hX and X^hY |
Vocabulary |
#1 |
A woman who has the allele for a disorder on only one of her X's |
Carrier |
#2 |
When a person has two copies of the same allele |
Homozygous |
#3 |
When there are many alleles that control a trait, such as in blood type |
Multiple Allele Inheritance |
#4 |
When there are many genes that control a trait, such as in skin color |
Polygenic Inheritance |
#5 |
Another word for heterozygous; Another word for homozyogus |
Hetero = Hybrid, Homo = Purebred |