| POTENTIAL AND KINETIC ENERGY | ||
| #1 | Which is an example of potential energy?
BALL ROLLING DOWN RAMP STRETCHED RUBBERBAND BASKETBALL FLYING THROUGH AIR |
STRETCHED RUBBERBAND |
| #2 | When we built roller coasters in class, the marble had what kind of energy when it was rolling/in motion? |
KINETIC ENERGY (energy of motion) |
| #3 | At what point in the image of the rollercoaster does the roller coaster have POTENTIAL ENERGY TRANSFORMING INTO KINETIC ENERGY? |
POINT B |
| #4 | What is energy? |
Energy is ability to do work (or ability to change, ability to move).
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| #5 | What happens to the AMOUNT of PE/KE when an object has a higher position above the Earth AND/OR a higher mass? |
A higher position or greater mass will create more PE which transforms into more KE.
EX- What's going to hurt more... jumping off a chair or the roof?!?... A bowling ball or ping pong ball dropped on your foot?!? |
| HEAT TRANSFER | ||
| #1 | Name the 3 ways that heat energy transfers. |
CONDUCTION |
| #2 | Heat leaves a coffee cup as the currents of steam (liquid droplets) and hot gas rise. WHAT TYPE OF HEAT TRANSFER IS THIS? |
CONVECTION (Heat transfer through fluids (liquids or gas) |
| #3 | Heat transferring through a solid iron bar would be an example of what type of heat transfer? |
CONDUCTION (Heat transfer through solids, through DIRECT CONTACT of molecules) |
| #4 | Describe how light colored objects and dark colored objects are impacted by radiation/light.
Hint
Dark colors___________________ light energy/radiation Light colors___________________ light energy/radiation |
Dark colors___ABSORB MORE____________ light energy/radiation Light colors____REFLECT MORE____ ______ light energy/radiation |
| #5 | What does absorbed light/radiation do to the molecules that absorb the radiation?
HINT When molecules absorb light energy/radiation they ___________________ and____________________________. |
When molecules absorb light energy/radiation they ___gain energy/get more excited__________ and_____have more KE/heat energy/get hotter___________. |
| LAW OF CONSERVATION ENERGY | ||
| #1 | What is the Law of Conservation of Energy? |
Energy cannot be created or destroyed. |
| #2 | If energy is not created or destroyed, where does it come from or go? |
Energy is transferred or transformed.
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| #3 | If energy cannot be created or destroyed, why does a toy spinning top, stop spinning? Where does the energy go? |
The energy is transferred to the surrounding air molecules (air resistance) and the molecules of the table (friction). The energy spreads out, but it is not destroyed. |
| #4 | As an object is raised, potential energy increases and kinetic energy________. |
decreases.
No energy is gained or lost when PE changes to KE or KE to PE. THe energy is just transferred/transformed. |
| #5 | Your hot cocoa cools off after 10 minutes. If energy cannot be created or destroyed, where does the heat energy go? Hint- The heat energy transfers from... |
The heat energy transfers from the cocoa to the surrounding cooler air atoms and the cooler atoms in the cup. The heat is not lost it just spreads out to cooler atoms. |
| LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER/MASS | ||
| #1 | What is the Law of Conservation of Mass/Matter? |
Matter cannot be created or destroyed. |
| #2 | You boil water in an open pan until the pan is empty.
If matter is not created or destroyed, what happened to the water molecules in the pan? |
They gained heat energy and changed phase/state, evaporation and escaping into the air/room.
They are still there, they have just left the container/spread out. |
| #3 | In a class experiment, students melted ice in a closed system. They measured the amount before and after. This was their data they collected:
Mass of ice (solid) = 110 grams Mass of melted ice (liquid)= 110 grams
What can the class conclude/claim from their investigation and their data? Hint- What does the data show?
A- The volume changes during a phase change from solid to liquid. B- The mass stays the same during a phase change from solid to liquid. C- Heat caused ice to change from a solid to a liquid.
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B- The mass stays the same during a phase change from solid to liquid.
The other answers may be correct, but this is not what was being tested and recorded. You must draw your conclusion from the evidence/data. |
| #4 | Why is it necessary to use a closed container/closed system while the ice was changing phase? |
To keep any water molecules from evaporating or escaping into the air.
(We can't measure them if they aren't in the closed container). |
| #5 | If you start with 2 grams of of solid dry ice in a perfectly closed system, how much dry ice should you have left after the ice sublimates to a gas?
WHY? |
2 grams- Matter cannot be created or destroyed. When matter changes phase, the amount stays the same. |
| PHASE CHANGES/ STATES OF MATTER | ||
| #1 | What are 4 states of matter? |
Solid, liquid, gas, plasma |
| #2 | What must be added or taken away to matter to cause it to change phase/state? |
Heat energy/ energy/ kinetic energy |
| #3 | What state of matter has atoms that are arranged closely, with small vibrations, and a set shape? |
solid |
| #4 | What state of matter has molecules that can more easily expand or contract and can move freely? |
Gas |
| #5 | Changing state/phase of matter from a gas to liquid is called... |
condensation |
| Final Question | |