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Chapter 15 Early American Civilizations Answer Key

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Origins
#1 Who were the first people to come to the Americas Hunters
#2 What was the land bridge called that the first inhabitants came across? Bering Strait
#3 These people obtained their food by hunting wild animals and gathering fruits of wild plants Hunter-gatherers
#4 The big game animals became EXTINCT. What does extinct mean? Disappear
#5 The hunter-gatherers adapted to their changing environment and became more SEDENTARY. What does sedentary mean? Settled
Olmec
#1 What is a hieroglyph? A system of writing taht uses picture symbols for concepts, objects, or words
#2 Why was jade extremely valuable to the Olmec? For trade
#3 How did the Olmec adapt to their environment? They cut down and burned one section of thick jungle vegetation and planted there for several years
#4 Who were the priest kings? Religious leaders, civil leaders, elite, descendants from their gods
#5 What caused the destruction of the Olmec? Competition of resources
Maya
#1 What did the Mayan's sacrifice in order to please their gods? Food, animals and human beings
#2 Describe the Mayan's religion. They worshipped many gods. Polytheistic
#3 What was the Mayan environment like? rainy seasons, fertile soil. Highlands in the mountain ranges and lowlands with dense tropical forests
#4 What happened as the population of Mayan cities increased? Farmers had to produce more food
#5 What were codexes? Record books
Tiwanakans and Moche
#1 Where did the Tiwanakans obtain water from? Lake Titicaca
#2 What is an altiplano? The land on a high, flat plateau in South America
#3 What is an adobe? Bricks formed of mud mixed with straw
#4 What was the symbol that the Tiwanakans honored? Condor
#5 What was the Moche known for? Aqueducts, pryamids, temples and pottery
Mush Pot
#1 How did the early civilizations begin in the Americas? Hunter-gatherers chased big game animals across the Bering Strait and found a way to have a more sedentary lifestyle in the Americas.
#2 How were the Olmec the first complex civilization? Existence of different social classes, religious rituals and a network for trade
#3 How did the Mayan civilization become a more advanced civilization? Farming techniques, writing and number system, two calendars, cities and artwork
#4 1 similiarity and 1 difference amongst the Tiwanakans and Moche?
#5 1 similiarity and 1 difference amonst the Hunter-gatherers and Olmec?
Final Question